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2026-01-30ARM: uapi: Drop PSR_ENDSTATEThomas Weißschuh3-11/+4
The symbol PSR_ENDSTATE is pointless for userspace. Drop it from the UAPI headers and instead inline it into the only two callers. As as side-effect, remove a leak of an internal kconfig symbol through the UAPI headers. Suggested-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/d2ad12f2-3d65-4bef-890c-65d78a33d790@app.fastmail.com/ Signed-off-by: Thomas Weißschuh <thomas.weissschuh@linutronix.de> Signed-off-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
2026-01-30ARC: Always use SWAPE instructions for __arch_swab32()Thomas Weißschuh3-70/+1
Since commit 67a697e7576 ("ARC: retire ARC750 support") all supported CPUs have the 'swape' instruction. Always use the implementation of __arch_swabe() which uses 'swape'. ARCH_USE_BUILTIN_BSWAP can not be used as that results on libcalls on -mcpu=arc700. As as side-effect, remove a leak of an internal kconfig symbol through the UAPI headers. Suggested-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/0ae2688a-5a22-405b-adaf-9b5ad712b245@app.fastmail.com/ Suggested-by: Vineet Gupta <vgupta@kernel.org> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/a033a402-e3c5-4982-9fff-b6a4c55817ae@kernel.org/ Signed-off-by: Thomas Weißschuh <thomas.weissschuh@linutronix.de> Signed-off-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
2026-01-30arm64: dts: socfpga: agilex: add emmc supportNg Tze Yee2-0/+106
The Agilex devkit supports a separate eMMC daughter card. The eMMC daughter card replaces the SDMMC slot that is on the default daughter card and thus requires a separate board dts file. Signed-off-by: Ng Tze Yee <tzeyee.ng@altera.com> Signed-off-by: Dinh Nguyen <dinguyen@kernel.org>
2026-01-30arm64: dts: intel: agilex5: Add simple-bus node on top of dma controller nodeKhairul Anuar Romli1-35/+43
Move dma-controller node under simple-bus node to allow bus node specific property able to be properly defined. This is require to fulfill Agilex5 bus limitation that is limited to 40-addressable-bit. Update the compatible string for the DMA controller nodes in the Agilex5 device tree from the generic "snps,axi-dma-1.01a" to the platform-specific "altr,agilex5-axi-dma". Add fallback capability to ensure driver is able to initialize properly. This change enables the use of platform-specific features and constraints in the driver, such as setting a 40-bit DMA addressable mask through dma-ranges, which is required for Agilex5. It also aligns with the updated device tree bindings and driver support for this compatible string. Signed-off-by: Khairul Anuar Romli <khairul.anuar.romli@altera.com> Signed-off-by: Dinh Nguyen <dinguyen@kernel.org>
2026-01-30ARM: dts: socfpga: fix dtbs_check warning for fpga-regionDinh Nguyen2-2/+4
soc (simple-bus): base_fpga_region: 'ranges' is a required property from schema $id: http://devicetree.org/schemas/simple-bus.yaml base_fpga_region (fpga-region): $nodename:0: 'base_fpga_region' does not match '^fpga-region(@.*|-([0-9]|[1-9][0-9]+))?$' from schema $id: http://devicetree.org/schemas/fpga/fpga-region.yaml Signed-off-by: Dinh Nguyen <dinguyen@kernel.org>
2026-01-30ARM: dts: socfpga: add #address-cells and #size-cells for sram nodeDinh Nguyen2-0/+6
Add #address-cells and #size-cells for sram node to fix below DTB_CHECK warnings: socfpga_arria5_socdk.dtb: sram@ffff0000 (mmio-sram): '#size-cells' is a required property from schema $id: http://devicetree.org/schemas/sram/sram.yaml Signed-off-by: Dinh Nguyen <dinguyen@kernel.org>
2026-01-30arm64: dts: altera: Use lowercase hexKrzysztof Kozlowski6-31/+31
The DTS code coding style expects lowercase hex for values and unit addresses. Signed-off-by: Krzysztof Kozlowski <krzysztof.kozlowski@oss.qualcomm.com> Signed-off-by: Dinh Nguyen <dinguyen@kernel.org>
2026-01-30arm64: dts: socfpga: agilex5: Add IOMMUS property for ethernet nodesNazim Amirul1-0/+3
To enable SMMU integration, populate the iommus property to the ethernet device-tree node. Signed-off-by: Nazim Amirul <muhammad.nazim.amirul.nazle.asmade@altera.com> Signed-off-by: Dinh Nguyen <dinguyen@kernel.org>
2026-01-30arm64: dts: socfpga: agilex5: add support for modular boardNiravkumar L Rabara2-0/+110
The Agilex5 Modular board consists of a compute module (Agilex5 SoCFPGA) attached to a carrier board that provides PCIe and additional system interfaces. Signed-off-by: Niravkumar L Rabara <niravkumarlaxmidas.rabara@altera.com> Signed-off-by: Dinh Nguyen <dinguyen@kernel.org>
2026-01-30arm64: dts: socfpga: agilex5: Add dma-coherent propertyKhairul Anuar Romli1-0/+3
Add the `dma-coherent` property to these device nodes to inform the kernel and DMA subsystem that the devices support hardware-managed cache coherence. Changes: - Add `dma-coherent` to `cdns,hp-nfc` - Add `dma-coherent` to both `snps,axi-dma-1.01a` instances (dmac0, dmac1) This aligns the Agilex5 device tree with the coherent DMA-capable devices accordingly. Signed-off-by: Khairul Anuar Romli <khairul.anuar.romli@altera.com> Signed-off-by: Dinh Nguyen <dinguyen@kernel.org>
2026-01-30MIPS: Loongson64: dts: fix phy-related definition of LS7A GMACIcenowy Zheng1-2/+4
Currently the LS7A GMAC device tree node lacks a proper phy-handle property pointing to the PHY node. In addition, the phy-mode property specifies "rgmii" without any internal delay information, which means the board trace needs to add 2ns delay to the RGMII data lines; but that isn't known to happen on any Loongson board. The ACPI-based initialization codepath, which is used on LoongArch-based 3A5000 + 7A1000 hardwares, specifies "rgmii-id" phy mode, which should be the one we are using. Add the lacking phy-handle property and set proper phy-mode. Tested on a LS3A4000_7A1000_NUC_BOARD_V2.1 board with YT8521S PHY. Signed-off-by: Icenowy Zheng <zhengxingda@iscas.ac.cn> Reviewed-by: Jiaxun Yang <jiaxun.yang@flygoat.com> Signed-off-by: Thomas Bogendoerfer <tsbogend@alpha.franken.de>
2026-01-30MIPS: drop unused pic32.h headerBrian Masney1-36/+0
All users of the MIPS pic32.h asm header have been migrated to linux/platform_data/pic32.h, so let's go ahead and drop the unused asm variant. Signed-off-by: Brian Masney <bmasney@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Thomas Bogendoerfer <tsbogend@alpha.franken.de>
2026-01-30MIPS: update include to use pic32.h from platform_dataBrian Masney4-5/+4
Use the linux/platform_data/pic32.h include instead of asm/mach-pic32/pic32.h so that the asm variant can be dropped. This is in preparation for allowing some drivers to be compiled on other architectures with COMPILE_TEST enabled. Signed-off-by: Brian Masney <bmasney@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Thomas Bogendoerfer <tsbogend@alpha.franken.de>
2026-01-30MIPS: pic32: drop unused include linux/io.h from pic32.hBrian Masney1-1/+0
The linux/io.h include is not used, so let's drop it from pic32.h. Signed-off-by: Brian Masney <bmasney@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Thomas Bogendoerfer <tsbogend@alpha.franken.de>
2026-01-30MIPS: pic32: include linux/types.h on pic32.hBrian Masney1-0/+1
The pic32.h header file currently includes linux/io.h, however that header is not actually used. The only header that's needed by this C file is linux/types.h. Let's include it so that linux/io.h can be dropped. Signed-off-by: Brian Masney <bmasney@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Thomas Bogendoerfer <tsbogend@alpha.franken.de>
2026-01-30MIPS: pic32: include linux/io.h header on several filesBrian Masney3-0/+3
The pic32.h header includes linux/io.h, however nothing from that include file is directly used by pic32.h. Several C files that include pic32.h indirectly depend on linux/io.h, so let's go ahead and add the missing include so that linux/io.h can be dropped from pic32.h. Signed-off-by: Brian Masney <bmasney@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Thomas Bogendoerfer <tsbogend@alpha.franken.de>
2026-01-30mips: LOONGSON32: drop a dangling Kconfig symbolRandy Dunlap1-1/+0
CPU_HAS_LOAD_STORE_LR is not used anywhere in the kernel sources, so drop it. Fixes: 85c4354076ca ("MIPS: loongson32: Switch to generic core") Signed-off-by: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org> Reviewed-by: Keguang Zhang <keguang.zhang@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Thomas Bogendoerfer <tsbogend@alpha.franken.de>
2026-01-30MIPS: Loongson: Make cpumask_of_node() robust against NUMA_NO_NODEJohn Garry1-1/+1
The arch definition of cpumask_of_node() cannot handle NUMA_NO_NODE - which is a valid index - so add a check for this. Signed-off-by: John Garry <john.g.garry@oracle.com> Reviewed-by: Huacai Chen <chenhuacai@loongson.cn> Signed-off-by: Thomas Bogendoerfer <tsbogend@alpha.franken.de>
2026-01-30KVM: arm64: gic: Set vgic_model before initing private IRQsSascha Bischoff1-4/+4
Different GIC types require the private IRQs to be initialised differently. GICv5 is the culprit as it supports both a different number of private IRQs, and all of these are PPIs (there are no SGIs). Moreover, as GICv5 uses the top bits of the interrupt ID to encode the type, the intid also needs to computed differently. Up until now, the GIC model has been set after initialising the private IRQs for a VCPU. Move this earlier to ensure that the GIC model is available when configuring the private IRQs. While we're at it, also move the setting of the in_kernel flag and implementation revision to keep them grouped together as before. Signed-off-by: Sascha Bischoff <sascha.bischoff@arm.com> Reviewed-by: Jonathan Cameron <jonathan.cameron@huawei.com> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260128175919.3828384-7-sascha.bischoff@arm.com Signed-off-by: Marc Zyngier <maz@kernel.org>
2026-01-30arm64/sysreg: Drop ICH_HFGRTR_EL2.ICC_HAPR_EL1 and make RES1Sascha Bischoff2-2/+1
The GICv5 architecture is dropping the ICC_HAPR_EL1 and ICV_HAPR_EL1 system registers. These registers were never added to the sysregs, but the traps for them were. Drop the trap bit from the ICH_HFGRTR_EL2 and make it Res1 as per the upcoming GICv5 spec change. Additionally, update the EL2 setup code to not attempt to set that bit. Signed-off-by: Sascha Bischoff <sascha.bischoff@arm.com> Reviewed-by: Jonathan Cameron <jonathan.cameron@huawei.com> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260128175919.3828384-4-sascha.bischoff@arm.com Signed-off-by: Marc Zyngier <maz@kernel.org>
2026-01-30KVM: arm64: gic-v3: Switch vGIC-v3 to use generated ICH_VMCR_EL2Sascha Bischoff4-95/+51
The VGIC-v3 code relied on hand-written definitions for the ICH_VMCR_EL2 register. This register, and the associated fields, is now generated as part of the sysreg framework. Move to using the generated definitions instead of the hand-written ones. There are no functional changes as part of this change. Signed-off-by: Sascha Bischoff <sascha.bischoff@arm.com> Reviewed-by: Jonathan Cameron <jonathan.cameron@huawei.com> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260128175919.3828384-3-sascha.bischoff@arm.com Signed-off-by: Marc Zyngier <maz@kernel.org>
2026-01-30KVM: arm64: Fix various commentsZenghui Yu (Huawei)3-3/+3
Use tab instead of whitespaces, as well as 2 minor typo fixes. Signed-off-by: Zenghui Yu (Huawei) <zenghui.yu@linux.dev> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260128075208.23024-1-zenghui.yu@linux.dev Signed-off-by: Marc Zyngier <maz@kernel.org>
2026-01-30KVM: arm64: nv: Add trap config for DBGWCR<15>_EL1Zenghui Yu (Huawei)1-0/+1
Seems that it was missed when MDCR_EL2 was first added to the trap forwarding infrastructure. Add it back. Fixes: cb31632c4452 ("KVM: arm64: nv: Add trap forwarding for MDCR_EL2") Signed-off-by: Zenghui Yu (Huawei) <zenghui.yu@linux.dev> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260130094435.39942-1-zenghui.yu@linux.dev Signed-off-by: Marc Zyngier <maz@kernel.org>
2026-01-30pseries/plpks: add HCALLs for PowerVM Key Wrapping ModuleSrish Srinivasan2-2/+351
The hypervisor generated wrapping key is an AES-GCM-256 symmetric key which is stored in a non-volatile, secure, and encrypted storage called the Power LPAR Platform KeyStore. It has policy based protections that prevent it from being read out or exposed to the user. Implement H_PKS_GEN_KEY, H_PKS_WRAP_OBJECT, and H_PKS_UNWRAP_OBJECT HCALLs to enable using the PowerVM Key Wrapping Module (PKWM) as a new trust source for trusted keys. Disallow H_PKS_READ_OBJECT, H_PKS_SIGNED_UPDATE, and H_PKS_WRITE_OBJECT for objects with the 'wrapping key' policy set. Capture the availability status for the H_PKS_WRAP_OBJECT interface. Signed-off-by: Srish Srinivasan <ssrish@linux.ibm.com> Tested-by: Nayna Jain <nayna@linux.ibm.com> Reviewed-by: Nayna Jain <nayna@linux.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Madhavan Srinivasan <maddy@linux.ibm.com> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260127145228.48320-5-ssrish@linux.ibm.com
2026-01-30pseries/plpks: expose PowerVM wrapping features via the sysfsSrish Srinivasan4-1/+28
Starting with Power11, PowerVM supports a new feature called "Key Wrapping" that protects user secrets by wrapping them using a hypervisor generated wrapping key. The status of this feature can be read by the H_PKS_GET_CONFIG HCALL. Expose the Power LPAR Platform KeyStore (PLPKS) wrapping features config via the sysfs file /sys/firmware/plpks/config/wrapping_features. Signed-off-by: Srish Srinivasan <ssrish@linux.ibm.com> Tested-by: Nayna Jain <nayna@linux.ibm.com> Reviewed-by: Nayna Jain <nayna@linux.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Madhavan Srinivasan <maddy@linux.ibm.com> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260127145228.48320-4-ssrish@linux.ibm.com
2026-01-30powerpc/pseries: move the PLPKS config inside its own sysfs directorySrish Srinivasan6-46/+106
The /sys/firmware/secvar/config directory represents Power LPAR Platform KeyStore (PLPKS) configuration properties such as max_object_size, signed_ update_algorithms, supported_policies, total_size, used_space, and version. These attributes describe the PLPKS, and not the secure boot variables (secvars). Create /sys/firmware/plpks directory and move the PLPKS config inside this directory. For backwards compatibility, create a soft link from the secvar sysfs directory to this config and emit a warning stating that the older sysfs path has been deprecated. Separate out the plpks specific documentation from secvar. Signed-off-by: Srish Srinivasan <ssrish@linux.ibm.com> Tested-by: Nayna Jain <nayna@linux.ibm.com> Reviewed-by: Mimi Zohar <zohar@linux.ibm.com> Reviewed-by: Nayna Jain <nayna@linux.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Madhavan Srinivasan <maddy@linux.ibm.com> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260127145228.48320-3-ssrish@linux.ibm.com
2026-01-30pseries/plpks: fix kernel-doc comment inconsistenciesSrish Srinivasan2-87/+318
Fix issues with comments for all the applicable functions to be consistent with kernel-doc format. Move them before the function definition as opposed to the function prototype. Signed-off-by: Srish Srinivasan <ssrish@linux.ibm.com> Tested-by: Nayna Jain <nayna@linux.ibm.com> Reviewed-by: Nayna Jain <nayna@linux.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Madhavan Srinivasan <maddy@linux.ibm.com> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260127145228.48320-2-ssrish@linux.ibm.com
2026-01-29Merge git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/netdev/netJakub Kicinski29-86/+151
Cross-merge networking fixes after downstream PR (net-6.19-rc8). No adjacent changes, conflicts: drivers/net/ethernet/spacemit/k1_emac.c 2c84959167d64 ("net: spacemit: Check for netif_carrier_ok() in emac_stats_update()") f66086798f91f ("net: spacemit: Remove broken flow control support") https://lore.kernel.org/aXjAqZA3iEWD_DGM@sirena.org.uk Signed-off-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>
2026-01-29Merge tag 'mm-hotfixes-stable-2026-01-29-09-41' of ↵Linus Torvalds1-1/+1
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/akpm/mm Pull misc fixes from Andrew Morton: "16 hotfixes. 9 are cc:stable, 12 are for MM. There's a patch series from Pratyush Yadav which fixes a few things in the new-in-6.19 LUO memfd code. Plus the usual shower of singletons - please see the changelogs for details" * tag 'mm-hotfixes-stable-2026-01-29-09-41' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/akpm/mm: vmcoreinfo: make hwerr_data visible for debugging mm/zone_device: reinitialize large zone device private folios mm/mm_init: don't cond_resched() in deferred_init_memmap_chunk() if called from deferred_grow_zone() mm/kfence: randomize the freelist on initialization kho: kho_preserve_vmalloc(): don't return 0 when ENOMEM kho: init alloc tags when restoring pages from reserved memory mm: memfd_luo: restore and free memfd_luo_ser on failure mm: memfd_luo: use memfd_alloc_file() instead of shmem_file_setup() memfd: export alloc_file() flex_proportions: make fprop_new_period() hardirq safe mailmap: add entry for Viacheslav Bocharov mm/memory-failure: teach kill_accessing_process to accept hugetlb tail page pfn mm/memory-failure: fix missing ->mf_stats count in hugetlb poison mm, swap: restore swap_space attr aviod kernel panic mm/kasan: fix KASAN poisoning in vrealloc() mm/shmem, swap: fix race of truncate and swap entry split
2026-01-29Merge branch 'for-next/misc' into for-next/coreWill Deacon4-6/+8
* for-next/misc: arm64: mm: warn once for ioremap attempts on RAM mappings arm64: Disable branch profiling for all arm64 code arm64: kernel: initialize missing kexec_buf->random field arm64: simplify arch_uprobe_xol_was_trapped return
2026-01-29Merge branch 'for-next/errata' into for-next/coreWill Deacon4-0/+61
* for-next/errata: arm64: errata: Workaround for SI L1 downstream coherency issue
2026-01-29Merge branch 'for-next/entry' into for-next/coreWill Deacon5-28/+46
* for-next/entry: arm64/ptrace: Return early for ptrace_report_syscall_entry() error arm64/ptrace: Split report_syscall() arm64: Remove unused _TIF_WORK_MASK arm64: Avoid memcpy() for syscall_get_arguments() syscall.h: Remove unused SYSCALL_MAX_ARGS
2026-01-29Merge branch 'for-next/cpufreq' into for-next/coreWill Deacon1-3/+63
* for-next/cpufreq: arm64: topology: Do not warn on missing AMU in cpuhp_topology_online() arm64: topology: Handle AMU FIE setup on CPU hotplug cpufreq: Add new helper function returning cpufreq policy arm64: topology: Skip already covered CPUs when setting freq source
2026-01-29Merge tag 'ti-k3-dt-for-v6.20' of ↵Arnd Bergmann35-160/+238
https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/ti/linux into soc/dt TI K3 device tree updates for v6.20 Generic Fixes/Cleanups: - Minor whitespace cleanup and lowercase hex formatting for consistency - Various DT schema warning fixes across multiple boards SoC Specific Features and Fixes: AM62P/J722S: - Add HSM M4F node for hardware security module support J784S4/J742S2/J721S2: - Add HSM M4F node for hardware security module support - Refactor watchdog instances for j784s4 - Move c71_3 node to appropriate order in device tree Board Specific Fixes: AM62: - phycore-som: Add bootphase tags to cpsw_mac_syscon and phy_gmii_sel AM62A: - phycore-som: Add bootphase tags to cpsw_mac_syscon and phy_gmii_sel AM62P: - Verdin: Fix SD regulator startup delay AM67A: - Kontron SA67: Fix CMA node and SD card regulator configuration AM69: - Aquila: Change main_spi0/2 chip select to GPIO mode - Aquila-clover: Change main_spi2 CS0 to GPIO mode - Aquila-dev/clover: Fix USB-C Sink PDO configuration * tag 'ti-k3-dt-for-v6.20' of https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/ti/linux: arm64: dts: ti: k3-am67a-kontron-sa67-base: Fix SD card regulator arm64: dts: ti: k3-am67a-kontron-sa67-base: Fix CMA node arm64: dts: ti: k3-am62p-j722s-common-main: Add HSM M4F node arm64: dts: ti: k3-{j784s4-j742s2/j721s2}-mcu-wakeup: Add HSM M4F node arm64: dts: ti: k3-j784s4-j742s2-main-common.dtsi: Refactor watchdog instances for j784s4 arm64: dts: ti: k3-j784s4-main.dtsi: Move c71_3 node to appropriate order arm64: dts: ti: k3-am69-aquila-clover: Change main_spi2 CS0 to GPIO mode arm64: dts: ti: k3-am69-aquila: Change main_spi0/2 CS to GPIO mode arm64: dts: ti: Use lowercase hex arm64: dts: ti: Minor whitespace cleanup arm64: dts: ti: am62p-verdin: Fix SD regulator startup delay arm64: dts: ti: k3-am69-aquila-clover: Fix USB-C Sink PDO arm64: dts: ti: k3-am69-aquila-dev: Fix USB-C Sink PDO arm64: dts: ti: k3-am62(a)-phycore-som: Add bootphase tag to phy_gmii_sel arm64: dts: ti: k3-am62a-phycore-som: Add bootphase tag to cpsw_mac_syscon arm64: dts: ti: k3-am62-phycore-som: Add bootphase tag to cpsw_mac_syscon arm64: dts: ti: k3-am62-lp-sk-nand: Rename pinctrls to fix schema warnings arm64: dts: ti: k3-am642-phyboard-electra-x27-gpio1-spi1-uart3: Fix schema warnings arm64: dts: ti: k3-am642-phyboard-electra-peb-c-010: Fix icssg-prueth schema warning Signed-off-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
2026-01-29riscv: ptrace: return ENODATA for inactive vector extensionIlya Mamay1-2/+8
Currently, ptrace returns EINVAL when the vector extension is supported but not yet activated for the traced process. This error code is not always appropriate since the ptrace arguments may be valid. Debug tools like gdbserver expect ENODATA when the requested register set is not active, e.g. see [1]. This expectation seems to be more appropriate, so modify the vector ptrace implementation to return: - EINVAL when V extension is not supported - ENODATA when V extension is supported but not active [1] https://github.com/bminor/binutils-gdb/blob/637f25e88675fa47e47f9cc5e2cf37384836b8a2/gdbserver/linux-low.cc#L5020 Signed-off-by: Ilya Mamay <mmamayka01@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Sergey Matyukevich <geomatsi@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Andy Chiu <andybnac@gmail.com> Tested-by: Andy Chiu <andybnac@gmail.com> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20251214163537.1054292-2-geomatsi@gmail.com Signed-off-by: Paul Walmsley <pjw@kernel.org>
2026-01-29riscv: create a Kconfig fragment for shadow stack and landing pad supportDeepak Gupta2-0/+26
This patch creates a Kconfig fragment for shadow stack support and landing pad instruction support. Shadow stack support and landing pad instruction support can be enabled by selecting 'CONFIG_RISCV_USER_CFI'. Selecting 'CONFIG_RISCV_USER_CFI' wires up the path to enumerate CPU support. If support exists, the kernel will support CPU-assisted user mode CFI. If CONFIG_RISCV_USER_CFI is selected, select 'ARCH_USES_HIGH_VMA_FLAGS', 'ARCH_HAS_USER_SHADOW_STACK' and 'DYNAMIC_SIGFRAME' for riscv. Reviewed-by: Zong Li <zong.li@sifive.com> Signed-off-by: Deepak Gupta <debug@rivosinc.com> Tested-by: Andreas Korb <andreas.korb@aisec.fraunhofer.de> # QEMU, custom CVA6 Tested-by: Valentin Haudiquet <valentin.haudiquet@canonical.com> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20251112-v5_user_cfi_series-v23-25-b55691eacf4f@rivosinc.com [pjw@kernel.org: cleaned up patch description, Kconfig text; added CONFIG_MMU exclusion] Signed-off-by: Paul Walmsley <pjw@kernel.org>
2026-01-29arch/riscv: add dual vdso creation logic and select vdso based on hwDeepak Gupta8-11/+82
Shadow stack instructions are taken from the Zimop ISA extension, which is mandated on RVA23. Any userspace with shadow stack instructions in it will fault on hardware that doesn't have support for Zimop. Thus, a shadow stack-enabled userspace can't be run on hardware that doesn't support Zimop. It's not known how Linux userspace providers will respond to this kind of binary fragmentation. In order to keep kernel portable across different hardware, 'arch/riscv/kernel/vdso_cfi' is created which has Makefile logic to compile 'arch/riscv/kernel/vdso' sources with CFI flags, and 'arch/riscv/kernel/vdso.c' is modified to select the appropriate vdso depending on whether the underlying CPU implements the Zimop extension. Since the offset of vdso symbols will change due to having two different vdso binaries, there is added logic to include a new generated vdso offset header and dynamically select the offset (like for rt_sigreturn). Signed-off-by: Deepak Gupta <debug@rivosinc.com> Acked-by: Charles Mirabile <cmirabil@redhat.com> Tested-by: Andreas Korb <andreas.korb@aisec.fraunhofer.de> # QEMU, custom CVA6 Tested-by: Valentin Haudiquet <valentin.haudiquet@canonical.com> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20251112-v5_user_cfi_series-v23-24-b55691eacf4f@rivosinc.com [pjw@kernel.org: cleaned up patch description] Signed-off-by: Paul Walmsley <pjw@kernel.org>
2026-01-29arch/riscv: compile vdso with landing pad and shadow stack noteJim Shu9-3/+81
User mode tasks compiled with Zicfilp may call indirectly into the vdso (like hwprobe indirect calls). Add support for compiling landing pads into the vdso. Landing pad instructions in the vdso will be no-ops for tasks which have not enabled landing pads. Furthermore, add support for the C sources of the vdso to be compiled with shadow stack and landing pads enabled as well. Landing pad and shadow stack instructions are emitted only when the VDSO_CFI cflags option is defined during compile. Signed-off-by: Jim Shu <jim.shu@sifive.com> Reviewed-by: Zong Li <zong.li@sifive.com> Signed-off-by: Deepak Gupta <debug@rivosinc.com> Tested-by: Andreas Korb <andreas.korb@aisec.fraunhofer.de> # QEMU, custom CVA6 Tested-by: Valentin Haudiquet <valentin.haudiquet@canonical.com> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20251112-v5_user_cfi_series-v23-23-b55691eacf4f@rivosinc.com [pjw@kernel.org: cleaned up patch description, issues reported by checkpatch] Signed-off-by: Paul Walmsley <pjw@kernel.org>
2026-01-29riscv: enable kernel access to shadow stack memory via the FWFT SBI callDeepak Gupta2-0/+33
The kernel has to perform shadow stack operations on the user shadow stack. During signal delivery and sigreturn, the shadow stack token must be created and validated respectively. Thus shadow stack access for the kernel must be enabled. In the future, when kernel shadow stacks are enabled, they must be enabled as early as possible for better coverage and to prevent any imbalance between the regular stack and the shadow stack. After 'relocate_enable_mmu' has completed, this is the earliest that it can be enabled. Reviewed-by: Zong Li <zong.li@sifive.com> Signed-off-by: Deepak Gupta <debug@rivosinc.com> Tested-by: Andreas Korb <andreas.korb@aisec.fraunhofer.de> # QEMU, custom CVA6 Tested-by: Valentin Haudiquet <valentin.haudiquet@canonical.com> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20251112-v5_user_cfi_series-v23-22-b55691eacf4f@rivosinc.com [pjw@kernel.org: updated to apply; cleaned up commit message] Signed-off-by: Paul Walmsley <pjw@kernel.org>
2026-01-29riscv: add kernel command line option to opt out of user CFIDeepak Gupta3-13/+61
Add a kernel command line option to disable part or all of user CFI. User backward CFI and forward CFI can be controlled independently. The kernel command line parameter "riscv_nousercfi" can take the following values: - "all" : Disable forward and backward cfi both - "bcfi" : Disable backward cfi - "fcfi" : Disable forward cfi Signed-off-by: Deepak Gupta <debug@rivosinc.com> Tested-by: Andreas Korb <andreas.korb@aisec.fraunhofer.de> # QEMU, custom CVA6 Tested-by: Valentin Haudiquet <valentin.haudiquet@canonical.com> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20251112-v5_user_cfi_series-v23-21-b55691eacf4f@rivosinc.com [pjw@kernel.org: fixed warnings from checkpatch; cleaned up patch description, doc, printk text] Signed-off-by: Paul Walmsley <pjw@kernel.org>
2026-01-29riscv/hwprobe: add zicfilp / zicfiss enumeration in hwprobeDeepak Gupta2-2/+6
Add enumeration of the zicfilp and zicfiss extensions in the hwprobe syscall. Reviewed-by: Zong Li <zong.li@sifive.com> Signed-off-by: Deepak Gupta <debug@rivosinc.com> Tested-by: Andreas Korb <andreas.korb@aisec.fraunhofer.de> # QEMU, custom CVA6 Tested-by: Valentin Haudiquet <valentin.haudiquet@canonical.com> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20251112-v5_user_cfi_series-v23-20-b55691eacf4f@rivosinc.com [pjw@kernel.org: updated to apply; extend into RISCV_HWPROBE_KEY_IMA_EXT_1; clean patch description] Signed-off-by: Paul Walmsley <pjw@kernel.org>
2026-01-29riscv: hwprobe: add support for RISCV_HWPROBE_KEY_IMA_EXT_1Paul Walmsley3-70/+103
We've run out of bits to describe RISC-V ISA extensions in our initial hwprobe key, RISCV_HWPROBE_KEY_IMA_EXT_0. So, let's add RISCV_HWPROBE_KEY_IMA_EXT_1, along with the framework to set the appropriate hwprobe tuple, and add testing for it. Based on a suggestion from Andrew Jones <andrew.jones@oss.qualcomm.com>, also fix the documentation for RISCV_HWPROBE_KEY_IMA_EXT_0. Reviewed-by: Andrew Jones <andrew.jones@oss.qualcomm.com> Signed-off-by: Paul Walmsley <pjw@kernel.org>
2026-01-29riscv/ptrace: expose riscv CFI status and state via ptrace and in core filesDeepak Gupta2-0/+125
Expose a new register type NT_RISCV_USER_CFI for risc-v CFI status and state. Intentionally, both landing pad and shadow stack status and state are rolled into the CFI state. Creating two different NT_RISCV_USER_XXX would not be useful and would waste a note type. Enabling, disabling and locking the CFI feature is not allowed via ptrace set interface. However, setting 'elp' state or setting shadow stack pointer are allowed via the ptrace set interface. It is expected that 'gdb' might need to fixup 'elp' state or 'shadow stack' pointer. Signed-off-by: Deepak Gupta <debug@rivosinc.com> Tested-by: Andreas Korb <andreas.korb@aisec.fraunhofer.de> # QEMU, custom CVA6 Tested-by: Valentin Haudiquet <valentin.haudiquet@canonical.com> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20251112-v5_user_cfi_series-v23-19-b55691eacf4f@rivosinc.com [pjw@kernel.org: updated to apply; cleaned patch description and comments; addressed checkpatch issues] Signed-off-by: Paul Walmsley <pjw@kernel.org>
2026-01-29riscv/kernel: update __show_regs() to print shadow stack registerDeepak Gupta1-2/+2
Update __show_regs() to print the captured shadow stack pointer. On tasks where shadow stack is disabled, simply print 0. Signed-off-by: Deepak Gupta <debug@rivosinc.com> Reviewed-by: Alexandre Ghiti <alexghiti@rivosinc.com> Tested-by: Andreas Korb <andreas.korb@aisec.fraunhofer.de> # QEMU, custom CVA6 Tested-by: Valentin Haudiquet <valentin.haudiquet@canonical.com> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20251112-v5_user_cfi_series-v23-18-b55691eacf4f@rivosinc.com [pjw@kernel.org: cleaned up patch description] Signed-off-by: Paul Walmsley <pjw@kernel.org>
2026-01-29riscv/signal: save and restore the shadow stack on a signalDeepak Gupta5-0/+158
Save the shadow stack pointer in the sigcontext structure when delivering a signal. Restore the shadow stack pointer from sigcontext on sigreturn. As part of the save operation, the kernel uses the 'ssamoswap' instruction to save a snapshot of the current shadow stack on the shadow stack itself (this can be called a "save token"). During restore on sigreturn, the kernel retrieves the save token from the top of the shadow stack and validates it. This ensures that user mode can't arbitrarily pivot to any shadow stack address without having a token and thus provides a strong security assurance during the window between signal delivery and sigreturn. Use an ABI-compatible way of saving/restoring the shadow stack pointer into the signal stack. This follows the vector extension, where extra registers are placed in a form of extension header + extension body in the stack. The extension header indicates the size of the extra architectural states plus the size of header itself, and a magic identifier for the extension. Then, the extension body contains the new architectural states in the form defined by uapi. Signed-off-by: Andy Chiu <andy.chiu@sifive.com> Signed-off-by: Deepak Gupta <debug@rivosinc.com> Tested-by: Andreas Korb <andreas.korb@aisec.fraunhofer.de> Tested-by: Valentin Haudiquet <valentin.haudiquet@canonical.com> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20251112-v5_user_cfi_series-v23-17-b55691eacf4f@rivosinc.com [pjw@kernel.org: cleaned patch description, code comments; resolved checkpatch warning] Signed-off-by: Paul Walmsley <pjw@kernel.org>
2026-01-29riscv/traps: Introduce software check exception and uprobe handlingDeepak Gupta4-0/+60
The Zicfiss and Zicfilp extensions introduce a new exception, the 'software check exception', in the privileged ISA, with cause code = 18. This patch implements support for software check exceptions. Additionally, the patch implements a CFI violation handler which checks the code in the xtval register. If xtval=2, the software check exception happened because of an indirect branch that didn't land on a 4 byte aligned PC or on a 'lpad' instruction, or the label value embedded in 'lpad' didn't match the label value set in the x7 register. If xtval=3, the software check exception happened due to a mismatch between the link register (x1 or x5) and the top of shadow stack (on execution of `sspopchk`). In case of a CFI violation, SIGSEGV is raised with code=SEGV_CPERR. SEGV_CPERR was introduced by the x86 shadow stack patches. To keep uprobes working, handle the uprobe event first before reporting the CFI violation in the software check exception handler. This is because, when the landing pad is activated, if the uprobe point is set at the lpad instruction at the beginning of a function, the system triggers a software check exception instead of an ebreak exception due to the exception priority. This would prevent uprobe from working. Reviewed-by: Zong Li <zong.li@sifive.com> Co-developed-by: Zong Li <zong.li@sifive.com> Signed-off-by: Zong Li <zong.li@sifive.com> Signed-off-by: Deepak Gupta <debug@rivosinc.com> Tested-by: Andreas Korb <andreas.korb@aisec.fraunhofer.de> # QEMU, custom CVA6 Tested-by: Valentin Haudiquet <valentin.haudiquet@canonical.com> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20251112-v5_user_cfi_series-v23-15-b55691eacf4f@rivosinc.com [pjw@kernel.org: cleaned up the patch description] Signed-off-by: Paul Walmsley <pjw@kernel.org>
2026-01-29riscv: Implement indirect branch tracking prctlsDeepak Gupta4-0/+102
This patch adds a RISC-V implementation of the following prctls: PR_SET_INDIR_BR_LP_STATUS, PR_GET_INDIR_BR_LP_STATUS and PR_LOCK_INDIR_BR_LP_STATUS. Reviewed-by: Zong Li <zong.li@sifive.com> Signed-off-by: Deepak Gupta <debug@rivosinc.com> Tested-by: Andreas Korb <andreas.korb@aisec.fraunhofer.de> Tested-by: Valentin Haudiquet <valentin.haudiquet@canonical.com> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20251112-v5_user_cfi_series-v23-14-b55691eacf4f@rivosinc.com [pjw@kernel.org: clean up patch description] Signed-off-by: Paul Walmsley <pjw@kernel.org>
2026-01-29riscv: Implement arch-agnostic shadow stack prctlsDeepak Gupta3-0/+134
Implement an architecture-agnostic prctl() interface for setting and getting shadow stack status. The prctls implemented are PR_GET_SHADOW_STACK_STATUS, PR_SET_SHADOW_STACK_STATUS and PR_LOCK_SHADOW_STACK_STATUS. As part of PR_SET_SHADOW_STACK_STATUS/PR_GET_SHADOW_STACK_STATUS, only PR_SHADOW_STACK_ENABLE is implemented because RISCV allows each mode to write to their own shadow stack using 'sspush' or 'ssamoswap'. PR_LOCK_SHADOW_STACK_STATUS locks the current shadow stack enablement configuration. Reviewed-by: Zong Li <zong.li@sifive.com> Signed-off-by: Deepak Gupta <debug@rivosinc.com> Tested-by: Andreas Korb <andreas.korb@aisec.fraunhofer.de> # QEMU, custom CVA6 Tested-by: Valentin Haudiquet <valentin.haudiquet@canonical.com> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20251112-v5_user_cfi_series-v23-12-b55691eacf4f@rivosinc.com [pjw@kernel.org: cleaned up patch description] Signed-off-by: Paul Walmsley <pjw@kernel.org>
2026-01-29riscv/shstk: If needed allocate a new shadow stack on cloneDeepak Gupta4-0/+162
Userspace specifies CLONE_VM to share address space and spawn new thread. 'clone' allows userspace to specify a new stack for a new thread. However there is no way to specify a new shadow stack base address without changing the API. This patch allocates a new shadow stack whenever CLONE_VM is given. In case of CLONE_VFORK, the parent is suspended until the child finishes; thus the child can use the parent's shadow stack. In case of !CLONE_VM, COW kicks in because entire address space is copied from parent to child. 'clone3' is extensible and can provide mechanisms for specifying the shadow stack as an input parameter. This is not settled yet and is being extensively discussed on the mailing list. Once that's settled, this code should be adapted. Reviewed-by: Zong Li <zong.li@sifive.com> Signed-off-by: Deepak Gupta <debug@rivosinc.com> Tested-by: Andreas Korb <andreas.korb@aisec.fraunhofer.de> # QEMU, custom CVA6 Tested-by: Valentin Haudiquet <valentin.haudiquet@canonical.com> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20251112-v5_user_cfi_series-v23-11-b55691eacf4f@rivosinc.com [pjw@kernel.org: cleaned up patch description] Signed-off-by: Paul Walmsley <pjw@kernel.org>
2026-01-29riscv/mm: Implement map_shadow_stack() syscallDeepak Gupta2-0/+141
As discussed extensively in the changelog for the addition of this syscall on x86 ("x86/shstk: Introduce map_shadow_stack syscall") the existing mmap() and madvise() syscalls do not map entirely well onto the security requirements for shadow stack memory since they lead to windows where memory is allocated but not yet protected or stacks which are not properly and safely initialised. Instead a new syscall map_shadow_stack() has been defined which allocates and initialises a shadow stack page. This patch implements this syscall for riscv. riscv doesn't require tokens to be setup by kernel because user mode can do that by itself. However to provide compatibility and portability with other architectues, user mode can specify token set flag. Signed-off-by: Deepak Gupta <debug@rivosinc.com> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20251112-v5_user_cfi_series-v23-10-b55691eacf4f@rivosinc.com Link: https://lore.kernel.org/linux-riscv/aXfRPJvoSsOW8AwM@debug.ba.rivosinc.com/ [pjw@kernel.org: added allocate_shadow_stack() fix per Deepak; fixed bug found by sparse] Signed-off-by: Paul Walmsley <pjw@kernel.org>