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2026-08-13diff: widen `deflate_it()`'s bound local from int to `size_t`Johannes Schindelin1-1/+1
Fixes a pre-existing silent narrowing from `git_deflate_bound()`'s `unsigned long` return into an `int` local: anything past 2 GiB has always wrapped negative here and then been re-extended to `size_t` inside `xmalloc()`. Also prep for the upcoming `git_deflate_bound()` widening to `size_t`, which would extend the narrowing further if `bound` stayed `int`. Assisted-by: Opus 4.7 Signed-off-by: Johannes Schindelin <johannes.schindelin@gmx.de> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2026-08-13archive-zip: widen `zlib_deflate_raw()`'s maxsize local to `size_t`Johannes Schindelin1-1/+1
Prep for the upcoming `git_deflate_bound()` widening to `size_t`: the local that catches its return needs to be `size_t` too, otherwise the widening would introduce a silent Windows narrowing here. No semantic effect with the current unsigned-long-returning `git_deflate_bound()` (`size_t == unsigned long` on this caller's platforms today). Assisted-by: Opus 4.7 Signed-off-by: Johannes Schindelin <johannes.schindelin@gmx.de> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2026-08-13packfile, git-zlib: widen `use_pack()` and zstream avail fields to `size_t`Johannes Schindelin6-12/+13
Bundling the two widenings: four call sites pass `&stream.avail_in` directly to `use_pack()`, and widening either type fencepost alone would force a bridge variable at each. Doing both together is the simpler end state and is the prerequisite for the `do_compress()` widening in the next commit, which is what lets `write_no_reuse_object()` lose its last `cast_size_t_to_ulong()` shim. The unsigned-long locals widened at the other `use_pack()` callers (avail / remaining / left) hold pack-window sizes bounded by `core.packedGitWindowSize`, so the change is type consistency rather than a new >4GB capability. `git_zstream.avail_in`/`avail_out` likewise reach zlib's `uInt` fields only after `zlib_buf_cap()`'s 1 GiB cap, so the wrapper already accepted `size_t`-shaped inputs in practice. Assisted-by: Opus 4.7 Signed-off-by: Johannes Schindelin <johannes.schindelin@gmx.de> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2026-08-13delta: widen `create_delta()` and `diff_delta()` to `size_t`Johannes Schindelin7-15/+22
Last stop in the delta-encoding API widening for >4 GiB blobs on Windows: with `create_delta_index()` done in the prior commit and `create_delta()`/`diff_delta()` finished here, every byte count that crosses delta.h is now `size_t`. The struct fields they store into have been `size_t` since the diff-delta struct widening. The API change must move with all callers in the same commit (the build only passes when every `&delta_size` matches the new `size_t*`). Caller updates are kept minimal: * builtin/pack-objects.c `get_delta()` and `try_delta()`: widen only the local `delta_size` variable; the surrounding unsigned-long locals and their `cast_size_t_to_ulong()` shims are out of scope here and will be cleaned up in their own commits. * builtin/fast-import.c, diff.c, t/helper/test-pack-deltas.c: keep the local unsigned-long delta size (each feeds a still- unsigned-long downstream consumer: zlib's `avail_in`, `deflate_it()`, the test helper's own `do_compress()`), and bridge via a temporary `size_t` plus `cast_size_t_to_ulong()`. The new casts are paid back in later topics that widen those consumers. * t/helper/test-delta.c: widen the local outright (no downstream consumer beyond the test's own `out_size`, which is already `size_t`). Note that GCC struggles a bit to figure out that `deltalen` is always initialized before it is used; To help it along, we initialize it to 0. This work-around will go away in a later patch series when `deltalen` can be widened to `size_t`. Assisted-by: Opus 4.7 Signed-off-by: Johannes Schindelin <johannes.schindelin@gmx.de> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2026-08-13pack-objects: widen `mem_usage` and `try_delta()`'s out-param to `size_t`Johannes Schindelin1-2/+2
The pair must move together because `find_deltas()` passes `&mem_usage` to `try_delta()`: widening either alone breaks the type match. `mem_usage` accumulates per-object byte counts already computed in `size_t` (`SIZE()` and `sizeof_delta_index()` reach here through `free_unpacked()`, now `size_t`), and was the last 32-bit-on-Windows narrowing point in the delta-window memory accounting chain. With this commit, that chain uses `size_t` consistently except for `sizeof_delta_index()`'s still-narrow return, whose value is bounded by `create_delta_index()`'s entries cap. `window_memory_limit` (config-driven via `git_config_ulong()`) stays `unsigned long`: it is only compared against `mem_usage` and promotes. Assisted-by: Opus 4.7 Signed-off-by: Johannes Schindelin <johannes.schindelin@gmx.de> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2026-08-13pack-objects: widen `free_unpacked()` return to `size_t`Johannes Schindelin1-2/+2
`free_unpacked()` sums two byte counts: `sizeof_delta_index()` and `SIZE(n->entry)`. The latter has been `size_t` since the prior topic "More work supporting objects larger than 4GB on Windows" widened `SIZE()`/`oe_size()` to `size_t`, so accumulating it into an `unsigned long` return was a silent Windows-only truncation on a packing run with many large objects. The sole caller, `find_deltas()`, still holds its own `mem_usage` in an `unsigned long` for now, and therefore still truncates silently. Assisted-by: Opus 4.7 Signed-off-by: Johannes Schindelin <johannes.schindelin@gmx.de> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2026-08-13pack-objects: widen delta-cache accounting to `size_t`Johannes Schindelin5-5/+27
These three are a single accounting tuple (the globals tracking cumulative cached-delta bytes, plus the helper that compares them against an incoming delta size) and are latently 32-bit on Windows where `unsigned long` != `size_t`: a pack with many large cached deltas could wrap silently. The widening is internally consistent on its own: the additions and subtractions against delta_cache_size already come from `size_t` sources (`DELTA_SIZE()` returns `size_t`), and `delta_cacheable()`'s sole caller in `try_delta()` still passes `unsigned long`, which promotes. Prerequisite for dropping `try_delta()`'s `cast_size_t_to_ulong()` shims, which becomes possible once 1create_delta()` and `diff_delta()` are widened in a later commit. Note: since `max_delta_cache_size` changes data type to `size_t`, a pair of new helpers is introduced to parse config values of that type, too. Assisted-by: Opus 4.7 Helped-by: Patrick Steinhardt <ps@pks.im> Signed-off-by: Johannes Schindelin <johannes.schindelin@gmx.de> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2026-08-13delta: widen `create_delta_index()` parameter to `size_t`Johannes Schindelin2-2/+2
The sole caller (`try_delta()` in builtin/pack-objects.c) passes an `unsigned long`, which promotes safely, so no caller fixups are needed. Splitting it out keeps the `diff_delta()`/`create_delta()` widening, which does ripple to several callers, in its own commit. Assisted-by: Opus 4.7 Signed-off-by: Johannes Schindelin <johannes.schindelin@gmx.de> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2026-08-13diff-delta: widen `struct delta_index`' size fields to `size_t`Johannes Schindelin2-5/+5
Preparation for widening the delta-encoding API to `size_t` in subsequent commits, which is what lets pack-objects drop the `cast_size_t_to_ulong()` shims that 606c192380 (odb, packfile: use size_t for streaming object sizes, 2026-05-08) had to leave behind in `get_delta()` and `try_delta()` because their downstream consumers were still narrow. The struct is private to diff-delta.c, so widening its fields in isolation is a no-op at runtime: the values stored continue to fit in 32 bits on Windows because the public API around it still truncates. Splitting it out keeps the API-change commit focused on caller updates. Since the `memsize` attribute is returned by the `sizeof_delta_index()` function verbatim, that function's return type is adjusted, too. Assisted-by: Opus 4.7 Helped-by: Patrick Steinhardt <ps@pks.im> Signed-off-by: Johannes Schindelin <johannes.schindelin@gmx.de> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2026-08-12mailmap: map Elijah Newren's current and previous work addressesElijah Newren1-0/+2
Signed-off-by: Elijah Newren <newren@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2026-08-12Merge branch 'jc/complete-diff-tracked-paths' into jc/complete-checkoutJunio C Hamano2-28/+99
* jc/complete-diff-tracked-paths: completion: 'git diff' completes untracked paths as a last resort completion: complete tracked paths for 'git diff' completion: no-op refactoring of diff completion
2026-08-12completion: 'git diff' completes untracked paths as a last resortJunio C Hamano2-1/+23
We taught 'git diff' to first try to complete revisions (unless '--' is present on the command line) and, failing that, to complete tracked paths. If this yields nothing, it lets the Bash default, which offers paths in $PWD, kick in. Teach it to complete untracked paths before giving up and letting the Bash default kick in. With this change, $ git -C another-directory diff un<TAB> finds the 'untracked' file in another-directory and offers it as a completion candidate. Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2026-08-12completion: complete tracked paths for 'git diff'Junio C Hamano2-0/+44
When completing arguments for 'git diff', _git_diff() delegates to __git_complete_revlist_file(), which only completes revision references. This is good [*], as mixing both revisions and paths in a single list for the user to pick from is simply too confusing. If no reference matches, or if '--' is given, however, _git_diff() leaves COMPREPLY empty. Bash then falls back to default filename completion in $PWD. This fails when 'git -C <path>' is used because $PWD is not the target repository. Update _git_diff() to use __git_complete_index_file() when '--' is present, or when revision reference completion yields no matching candidates, so that tracked paths are offered as candidates. This changes behavior even in the case where '-C <there>' is not used. The new behavior omits untracked paths from suggestions when no revs match the prefix but matching tracked paths exist, which is more useful in the context of 'git diff'. When run outside the working tree of a repository, or when nothing matches from revisions or tracked paths, Bash still falls back to default filename completion in $PWD, so such a use case would be just like completing paths for any 'diff' command, rather than for 'git diff'. [Footnote] * In https://lore.kernel.org/git/al%2Fw2qgBfhe9qMg6@szeder.dev/ SZEDER made the same argument for "git send-email 0<TAB>". Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2026-08-12completion: no-op refactoring of diff completionJunio C Hamano1-29/+34
The "git diff" completion function punts very early when it sees "--" on the command line, since it is a sign that options or revisions can appear and the current completion does not need to do anything "git diff" specific. By returning, it lets Bash default action that completes the names of the files in $PWD to kick in. In preparation for the next step to change what happens when we "punt", arrange the code flow to avoid this early return. The behaviour at this step is unchanged, but the control flow just falls straight to the end. Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2026-08-12sequencer: release the ODB before spawning git commitJohannes Schindelin2-0/+19
As of 4557f1add261 (rebase--helper: add a builtin helper for interactive rebases, 2017-02-09), continuing an interactive rebase uses the builtin sequencer, which spawns `git commit`. The child may trigger auto-maintenance, which may need to replace files for which the sequencer still holds resources. See https://github.com/git-for-windows/git/issues/6315: on Windows, this produces unlink retry prompts that cannot succeed while the sequencer waits for the child. Resources such as file handles or memory mappings must be released before spawning a command that may run auto-maintenance, as established by 28d04e1ec197 (run-command: offer to close the object store before running, 2021-09-09): release the ODB file handles and memory mappings, so that auto-gc can repack (potentially deleting existing packfiles in the process); If the sequencer needs to access the ODB afterwards, it will gracefully (re-)open the ODB. Release the sequencer's ODB before spawning `git commit`. The regression test uses the legacy-delete trick introduced by 69ed0e35a754 (mingw: optionally use legacy (non-POSIX) delete semantics, 2026-05-07) to trigger the failure on modern Windows. Assisted-by: GPT-5.6 Sol Signed-off-by: Johannes Schindelin <johannes.schindelin@gmx.de> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2026-08-12bisect: handle dup() failure when redirecting stdoutJohannes Schindelin1-1/+8
To capture the output of each verdict command, bisect_run() temporarily redirects stdout to a temporary file via the classic dup(1) / dup2() pair, restoring it afterwards. The return value of dup(1) is not checked, however. When it fails, the saved descriptor is -1, which is then passed to close() (the issue Coverity flags), and the matching dup2() that is meant to restore stdout also fails, leaving the process with stdout still pointing at the temporary file for the remainder of the run. Treat a failed dup(1) or dup2(..., 1) as a fatal error for this bisect step: close the temporary file descriptor, report the error via error_errno(), and break out of the loop so the existing cleanup path handles the rest, just as on other failure paths in this function. Reported by Coverity as CID 1508242 ("Improper use of negative value"). Assisted-by: Opus 4.7 Helped-by: Patrick Steinhardt <ps@pks.im> Signed-off-by: Johannes Schindelin <johannes.schindelin@gmx.de> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2026-08-12bisect: check get_terms return at all call sitesJohannes Schindelin1-9/+15
Six callers of get_terms() silently discard its return value. When get_terms fails (missing or truncated BISECT_TERMS file), the term strings remain NULL or empty, causing confusing downstream behavior: commands like "bisect next" or "bisect run" proceed with empty term strings, producing nonsensical ref names (refs/bisect/ with no suffix) and misleading error messages. Let's not discard the return value, but handle an error with the same message `bisect_terms()` already uses when reading the terms failed. Pointed out by Coverity. There is one slight complication here: One caller _needs_ the return value to indicate an error when the `BISECT_TERMS` file is absent, all the other call sites are totally okay with a "missing" `BISECT_TERMS` file. To address that, extend the function signature of `get_terms()` to indicate which behavior the caller wants. Assisted-by: Claude Opus 4.6 Helped-by: Patrick Steinhardt <ps@pks.im> Signed-off-by: Johannes Schindelin <johannes.schindelin@gmx.de> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2026-08-12bisect: check strbuf_getline_lf return when reading termsJohannes Schindelin2-4/+13
get_terms() in builtin/bisect.c and read_bisect_terms() in bisect.c both read the BISECT_TERMS file but do not check the strbuf_getline_lf() return values. If the file is truncated (e.g., a partial write from a crash or disk-full condition), strbuf_getline_lf returns EOF and the strbuf remains empty. strbuf_detach then returns an empty string, and the term names silently become "" instead of the expected "bad"/"good" or custom terms. In get_terms(), check for EOF and return -1 on truncation, matching the existing -1 return for a missing file. In read_bisect_terms(), die with a descriptive message when a line cannot be read, consistent with the die_errno for a non-ENOENT open failure in the same function. Unlike get_terms(), read_bisect_terms() returns void and uses die() for all error paths, so the die is the appropriate error handling here. Pointed out by Coverity. Assisted-by: Claude Opus 4.6 Helped-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com> Signed-off-by: Johannes Schindelin <johannes.schindelin@gmx.de> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2026-08-12transport-helper: warn when export-marks file cannot be finalizedJohannes Schindelin1-1/+3
When push_refs_with_export() finalizes a successful push, it writes the fast-export marks file to a .tmp sibling and rename()s it into place. The return value of rename() is currently ignored. If the rename fails (permission denied, full disk, or an antivirus product locking the destination on Windows), the .tmp file is left behind and the existing export_marks file remains stale; the next fast-export operation that resumes from it then silently operates on inconsistent bookkeeping. The push itself succeeded by that point, so promoting this to a fatal error would be inappropriate. Emit warning_errno() naming both paths so the user can recover manually, and keep returning 0. Flagged by Coverity as CID 1427723 ("Unchecked return value"). Assisted-by: Opus 4.7 Signed-off-by: Johannes Schindelin <johannes.schindelin@gmx.de> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2026-08-12transport-helper: check dup() return in get_exporterJohannes Schindelin1-0/+2
get_exporter() duplicates helper->in via dup() and stores the result in fastexport->out. If dup() fails (fd exhaustion), it returns -1. The child_process machinery interprets out = -1 as "create a pipe for stdout", which would silently change the fast-export process's output wiring: instead of sending data back through the helper's input fd, it would write to a new pipe that nobody reads from. Check the return value and report the error before proceeding. Pointed out by Coverity. Assisted-by: Claude Opus 4.6 Signed-off-by: Johannes Schindelin <johannes.schindelin@gmx.de> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2026-08-12compat/pread: check initial lseek for errorsJohannes Schindelin1-0/+2
git_pread() saves the current file offset via lseek(fd, 0, SEEK_CUR) and later restores it. If the initial lseek fails (e.g., the fd is a pipe or otherwise non-seekable), current_offset is -1. This negative value is later passed to lseek(fd, -1, SEEK_SET) at line 16, which sets the file position to an unintended location (or fails with EINVAL on some platforms). Check the initial lseek return value and return -1 immediately if it fails, consistent with the error handling for the other lseek calls in the same function. Pointed out by Coverity. Assisted-by: Claude Opus 4.6 Signed-off-by: Johannes Schindelin <johannes.schindelin@gmx.de> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2026-08-12last-modified: handle repo_parse_commit() failuresJohannes Schindelin1-3/+6
last_modified_run() and process_parent() call repo_parse_commit() without checking the return value at three sites. When a commit object is corrupt or unavailable (e.g., a shallow clone boundary or a missing object in a partial clone), the parse fails and the commit's internal fields (parents, tree, date) are not populated. The consequences depend on which call site fails: At line 417 (the main walk loop), c->parents stays NULL after a failed parse. The parent-walking loop at line 440 simply does not execute, silently treating the unparsable commit as a root commit. This produces incorrect "last modified" results: paths changed in ancestors beyond the corrupt commit are attributed to the wrong commit or not reported at all. At line 423 (the --not exclusion walk), n->parents stays NULL, causing the exclusion walk to stop prematurely. Commits that should be excluded from the output may be incorrectly included. At line 293 (process_parent), the parent's tree and parents are unavailable, so diff operations against it produce wrong results and the parent's own ancestors are never enqueued for walking. Skip unparsable commits by checking the return value and continuing to the next iteration (or returning early in process_parent). This matches the defensive pattern used in other revision walkers such as limit_list() and get_revision_internal(). Pointed out by Coverity. Assisted-by: Claude Opus 4.6 Helped-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com> Signed-off-by: Johannes Schindelin <johannes.schindelin@gmx.de> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2026-08-12reftable tests: check reftable_table_init_ref_iterator() returnJohannes Schindelin1-2/+4
test_reftable_table__seek_once() and test_reftable_table__reseek() both call reftable_table_init_ref_iterator() without checking its return value. This function returns an int error code (0 on success, negative on failure). Every other reftable function call in these same tests checks the return via cl_assert_equal_i() or cl_assert(), making this omission inconsistent. If the iterator initialization ever fails (e.g., due to a memory allocation failure in the reftable internals), the test would proceed to seek and read with an uninitialized iterator, producing misleading test results or crashes rather than a clear assertion failure. Check the return value via cl_assert_equal_i(ret, 0), consistent with the surrounding code. Pointed out by Coverity. Assisted-by: Claude Opus 4.6 Signed-off-by: Johannes Schindelin <johannes.schindelin@gmx.de> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2026-08-12reftable/block: check deflateInit() return valueJohannes Schindelin1-1/+4
block_writer_init() allocates a z_stream and calls deflateInit() to prepare it for compressing log records. The return value of deflateInit() is silently discarded. If zlib initialization fails (e.g., Z_MEM_ERROR when the system is under memory pressure), the z_stream is left in an undefined state. Subsequent deflate() calls in block_writer_finish() then operate on this uninitialized stream. Current zlib/zlib-ng versions handle such a stream gracefully, by returning `Z_STREAM_ERROR`, so in practice it would likely not result in catastrophic error. The function already uses REFTABLE_ZLIB_ERROR for deflate() failures later in the code path, so returning the same error code for deflateInit() failure is consistent. Pointed out by Coverity. Assisted-by: Claude Opus 4.6 Helped-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com> Signed-off-by: Johannes Schindelin <johannes.schindelin@gmx.de> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2026-08-12reftable: handle block-writer initialization errorsJohannes Schindelin1-1/+7
2d5dbb37b284 (reftable/block: handle allocation failures, 2024-10-02) taught `writer_reinit_block_writer()` to report initialization failures and updated its callers, but `reftable_writer_new()` continued to ignore the return value. Consequently, the constructor could report success after block-writer initialization had failed. Propagate the error and release the constructor's allocations instead of returning an unusable writer. Pointed out by GPT-5.6 Sol and Claude Opus 4.8. Signed-off-by: Johannes Schindelin <johannes.schindelin@gmx.de> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2026-08-12config: propagate launch_editor() failure in show_editor()Johannes Schindelin1-1/+4
show_editor() calls launch_editor() to open the user's editor on the configuration file, but discards the return value and unconditionally returns 0 (success). When the editor fails to launch (e.g., $EDITOR is not found, or the editor exits with a nonzero status), the caller receives no indication that anything went wrong. This affects "git config edit" and "git config --edit": the command silently succeeds even when the editor could not be started. In contrast, other editor-launching paths in git (such as "git commit" and "git rebase --edit-todo") properly propagate editor failures and exit with an error. Check the return value and propagate the failure by returning -1. The two callers (cmd_config_edit at line 1315 and the legacy cmd_config at line 1478) both propagate this return to handle_builtin, which translates negative returns into an error exit. Pointed out by Coverity. Assisted-by: Claude Opus 4.6 Signed-off-by: Johannes Schindelin <johannes.schindelin@gmx.de> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2026-08-12http: die on curl_easy_duphandle failure in get_active_slotJohannes Schindelin1-0/+2
get_active_slot() duplicates the default curl handle via curl_easy_duphandle() to create a per-slot session handle. The return value is stored directly in slot->curl without checking for NULL. curl_easy_duphandle() can return NULL when memory allocation fails internally, and the libcurl documentation explicitly states this possibility. When this happens, slot->curl is NULL and the very next operation (curl_easy_setopt on line 1632 for CURLOPT_COOKIEFILE) passes NULL as the curl handle, which is undefined behavior in libcurl and typically crashes. Every HTTP operation in git goes through get_active_slot(), so this affects all remote-https, remote-http, and HTTP-based operations (clone, fetch, push over HTTP, bundle-uri downloads). Add a NULL check and die() with a clear message. There is no reasonable recovery from a failed handle duplication: the process is out of memory and cannot perform any HTTP operation. Pointed out by Coverity. Assisted-by: Claude Opus 4.6 Signed-off-by: Johannes Schindelin <johannes.schindelin@gmx.de> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2026-08-12t7900: fix flaky "maintenance.strategy" testPatrick Steinhardt1-3/+3
One of our tests for whether "maintenance.strategy" is being respected in t7900 is flaky in our CI systems: + GIT_TRACE2_EVENT=/tmp/test-output/trash directory.t7900-maintenance/repo/trace2.txt git -c maintenance.strategy=incremental maintenance run --quiet + test_maintenance_tasks trace2.txt + cat + sed -ne s/.*"region_enter".*"category":"maintenance\([^"]*\)".*"label":"\([^"][^"]*\)".*/\2\1/p trace2.txt + test_cmp expect actual + test 2 -ne 2 + eval /usr/bin/diff -u "$@" + /usr/bin/diff -u expect actual --- expect 2026-08-07 06:20:51.388322602 +0000 +++ actual 2026-08-07 06:20:51.388322602 +0000 @@ -1,2 +0,0 @@ -gc foreground -gc When running with the "incremental" strategy, we expect two git-gc(1) tasks to have been executed, but sometimes the test simply doesn't execute any of those tasks. A first hunch may be that maybe the disk-state is sometimes different and thus we decide not to run maintenance. But git-maintenance(1) doesn't run with the "--auto" switch, so we should execute those tasks regardless of the on-disk state. But there's a second condition that may cause us to not execute tasks, namely when the "maintenance.lock" file exists due to a concurrently running git-maintenance(1) process. We usually disable auto-maintenance from detaching in our test suite to avoid exactly these kinds of race conditions by exporting `GIT_TEST_MAINT_AUTO_DETACH=false`. But in t7900 we unset "GIT_TEST_MAINT_AUTO_DETACH" and thus enable the auto-detach logic. The intent of this is to exercise git-maintenance(1) closer to how it would run in a real-world scenario, but it does cause us to race when the detached maintenance job that was triggered by `test_commit()` lives long enough. We could trivially fix this race by disabling auto-maintenance for this specific test. But that doesn't fix this class of races in this test suite: while I haven't seen any of the other tests fail in the same way, a bunch of them have this race, as well. Instead, let's retain "GIT_TEST_MAINT_AUTO_DETACH" and only unset it as required. Signed-off-by: Patrick Steinhardt <ps@pks.im> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2026-08-12t7900: adapt some tests to use a throwaway repositoryPatrick Steinhardt1-27/+43
Many of the tests in t7900 operate inside the main trash repository that's set up by default by our test suite. This is overall quite fragile as we're exercising repository maintenance in those tests, and maintenance is of course intricately tied towards the on-disk state of a repository. Consequently, the tests can easily impact one another. Furthermore, in the next commit we'll have to modify the environment in a handful of those tests. As tests don't run in a subshell, doing so would impact all subsequent tests by default, as well. Adapt exactly those tests to use a throwaway repository. This makes the tests more neatly self-contained and allows us to trivially modify the environment in the next commit. Note that we adapt calls to `test_config ()` to use git-config(1) instead. This is because on the one hand we don't need the auto-revert logic of `test_config ()` as we're using a throwaway repository anyway. On the other hand it's not possible to use `test_config ()` as it uses `test_when_finished ()`, which errors out when we run it in a subshell. Signed-off-by: Patrick Steinhardt <ps@pks.im> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2026-08-12Merge branch 'ps/odb-make-creation-pluggable' into ↵Junio C Hamano17-58/+168
ps/odb-eagerly-load-alternates * ps/odb-make-creation-pluggable: odb: make creation of on-disk structures pluggable odb/source: introduce function to map source type to name setup: defer object database creation setup: handle ODB-related environment variables in `odb_new()` setup: detangle loading of loose object maps loose: load loose object map for the correct source
2026-08-12sequencer: remove unnecessary variable settingElijah Newren1-1/+0
revs.pretty_given is only ever read in builtin/log.c, and nothing from builtin/log.c is ever called from sequencer.c. So setting this variable cannot do anything. This was introduced in commit 62db524779 ("rebase -i: generate the script via rebase--helper", 2017-07-14), which used `git rev-list` even though its commit message describes the logic as having been based on `git log`. Because of this, I am guessing this line was copied or ported from part of builtin/log.c without recognizing that this line was not doing anything and could be removed. It's certainly not doing anything now, though, so remove it. Signed-off-by: Elijah Newren <newren@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2026-08-12serve: reject valueless promisor-remote capabilityElijah Newren2-0/+14
d460267613da (Add 'promisor-remote' capability to protocol v2, 2025-02-18) added a receive callback which passes the capability value directly to mark_promisor_remotes_as_accepted(). However, a client can send the capability name without an '=' or value, in which case get_capability() supplies NULL and strbuf_split_str() dereferences it. Reject the missing argument before parsing it, and add a test covering this case. Signed-off-by: Elijah Newren <newren@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2026-08-11git: avoid segfault on "git --shallow-file" without a valueChristian Couder2-3/+14
In "git.c", the other `handle_options()` options that take their value as a separate argument, like `--git-dir`, `--namespace` or `-C`, check that such an argument actually exists before using it, and error out with a message and the usage string otherwise. The `--shallow-file` option doesn't perform that check. It blindly advances past the option and then dereferences the next element of `argv`, which is the NULL terminator when no value was given. So `git --shallow-file` segfaults: $ git --shallow-file Segmentation fault (core dumped) Let's fix that by checking that a value was given, in the same way and with a message worded like the ones the other options use. While at it, let's also set the environment variable before advancing past the option, instead of advancing first and using `(*argv)[0]`, so that this option looks like the other ones. Note that all the in-tree callers passing `--shallow-file` to a `git` subprocess always pass a value after it, so they are not affected. In `upload-pack.c` that value is an empty string, which is still accepted. Signed-off-by: Christian Couder <christian.couder@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2026-08-11The 13th batchJunio C Hamano1-0/+24
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2026-08-11Merge branch 'ns/merge-base-is-ancestor-tests'Junio C Hamano1-0/+31
Tests for 'git merge-base --is-ancestor' have been added to cover exit codes (0 for success, 1 for non-ancestor, 128 for errors) and to ensure it cannot be combined with '--all'. * ns/merge-base-is-ancestor-tests: merge-base: add tests for --is-ancestor
2026-08-11Merge branch 'lo/mv-missing-dest-dir-check'Junio C Hamano2-3/+146
'git mv' has been updated to check for a missing destination leading directory during the checking phase, allowing 'git mv -n' to report the failure. The error message when the rename(2) syscall fails has also been improved to name both the source and the destination. * lo/mv-missing-dest-dir-check: mv: reject a destination whose leading path is missing or a symlink mv: name both source and destination when rename fails
2026-08-11Merge branch 'kh/doc-replay-config'Junio C Hamano3-10/+27
Documentation for 'git replay' has been updated to refer to its configuration variables. * kh/doc-replay-config: doc: replay: move “default” to the right-hand side doc: replay: use a nested description list doc: replay: improve config description doc: link to config for git-replay(1)
2026-08-11Merge branch 'sk/test-commit-body-helper'Junio C Hamano15-123/+91
A new test helper commit_body() has been introduced to print the message body of a commit, and various tests have been updated to use it instead of spelling out the command pipeline manually and losing the exit status of the 'git cat-file' command on the upstream of the pipe. * sk/test-commit-body-helper: t: use commit_body to extract commit message bodies test-lib-functions: add commit_body helper
2026-08-11Merge branch 'ja/doc-synopsis-style-yet-more'Junio C Hamano7-302/+311
Synopsis and options in the documentation for 'git format-patch', 'git imap-send', 'git send-email', and 'git request-pull' have been updated to the modern style. * ja/doc-synopsis-style-yet-more: doc: convert git-request-pull synopsis and options to new style doc: convert git-send-email synopsis and options to new style doc: convert git-format-patch synopsis and options to new style doc: convert git-imap-send synopsis and options to new style
2026-08-11commit-reach: remove commit-date ordering fallbackKristofer Karlsson3-50/+10
Remove the fallback that switched paint_down_to_common() from generation ordering to commit-date ordering when the commit-graph lacks corrected commit dates (v1 graph with topo levels only). The fallback was added in 091f4cf3 (commit: don't use generation numbers if not needed, 2018-08-30) to avoid a performance regression on the Linux kernel repo where v1 topo levels caused "git merge-base v4.8 v4.9" to walk 636k commits instead of 167k. A side branch with a low topo level stayed in the queue behind a long chain, preventing early STALE propagation. Side-exhaustion (added in the previous commits) solves this differently by terminating the walk as soon as one paint side empties from the queue, preventing the deep walk regardless of queue ordering. Benchmarks of "git merge-base --all v4.8 v4.9" on the Linux kernel repo show that side-exhaustion reduces the step count far below what the date-ordering fallback achieved: steps time no graph, baseline: 167,413 3.25 s v1 graph, baseline: 167,413 0.25 s v2 graph, baseline: 167,441 0.29 s v1 graph, this series: 5,725 0.02 s v2 graph, this series: 3,887 0.01 s With generation ordering always active, the existing min_generation check in paint_queue_get() can safely terminate once the walk crosses below the caller's generation floor. The date ordering fallback broke this invariant: a commit could have a finite topo level while the queue was date-ordered, causing the early exit to fire before all merge bases were found. With the fallback removed, gen_ordered is always true and can be dropped. The topo_ceiling field (introduced earlier) already handles V1_MAX saturation, so the early exit gates need no further changes. Signed-off-by: Kristofer Karlsson <krka@spotify.com> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2026-08-11commit-reach: move min_generation check into paint_queue_get()Kristofer Karlsson1-13/+18
Consolidate the min_generation termination condition into paint_queue_get(), alongside the existing stale-entry and side-exhaustion checks. Move last_gen into struct paint_state so that commit_graph_generation() is called exactly once per dequeued commit and the result is shared across all termination checks and the monotonicity BUG assertion. Signed-off-by: Kristofer Karlsson <krka@spotify.com> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2026-08-11commit-reach: terminate merge-base walk when one paint side is exhaustedKristofer Karlsson3-8/+41
Add an early termination check to paint_down_to_common() using the per-side counters introduced earlier. Once the walk enters the ordered region, terminate early when one side's exclusive count drops to zero -- no new merge-base can form without both paint sides meeting. The check also waits for pending_merge_bases to reach zero, ensuring all merge-base candidates have been dequeued and recorded before exiting. The optimization is gated by gen_ordered (which excludes v1 commit-graphs that use the date-ordering fallback) and by a generation check against topo_ceiling. topo_ceiling is GENERATION_NUMBER_INFINITY for v2 graphs and GENERATION_NUMBER_V1_MAX for v1 graphs, so that saturated commits are treated as unordered. Together these ensure the check only fires in the ordered region where topological ordering holds. The same topo_ceiling boundary is applied to the existing single-result early exit so that all generation-dependent gates express the same saturation-aware boundary consistently. Step counts measured with trace2 on git.git with commit-graph: merge-base --all v2.0.0 v2.55.0-rc1: before: 72264 steps after: 44589 steps merge-base --all v2.55.0-rc1 v2.55.0-rc1~5: before: 110 steps after: 7 steps Helped-by: Derrick Stolee <stolee@gmail.com> Helped-by: Elijah Newren <newren@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Kristofer Karlsson <krka@spotify.com> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2026-08-11commit-reach: introduce struct paint_state with per-side countersKristofer Karlsson3-36/+91
Add a paint_state struct for use by paint_down_to_common() that wraps a prio_queue with per-side commit counters. Each non-stale queued commit occupies exactly one counter bucket based on its paint flags: PARENT1-only, PARENT2-only, or both sides (a pending merge-base candidate). The counters are maintained by paint_count_update() which adjusts the appropriate bucket by a signed delta. An exhaustive switch on the paint+stale bits documents all valid flag combinations in one place. Convert paint_down_to_common() to use paint_state. The loop now drains the queue via paint_queue_get() which returns NULL when all counters reach zero, replacing the old pointer-based termination (max_nonstale). This is equivalent behavior -- both conditions detect that no non-stale entries remain. paint_queue_get() uses a "pop first" form: it dequeues a commit, then checks the counters. This means the loop exits one iteration earlier than the old code in some topologies (the popped stale commit is never processed), so a few step counts drop by one. The existing nonstale_queue is left in place for ahead_behind(), though nonstale_queue_put_dedup() and nonstale_queue_get_dedup() become unused and are removed. Signed-off-by: Kristofer Karlsson <krka@spotify.com> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2026-08-11t6600: add clock-skew topologies and step counts for edge casesKristofer Karlsson1-2/+91
Add topologies and tests exercising paint_down_to_common() under clock skew, where commit-date ordering (v1 commit-graph without corrected commit dates) violates the topological invariant that children are dequeued before parents: - se-*: side-exhaustion fires too early when one paint side fully drains from the queue while a low-date ancestor on the other side is still queued - se2-*: side-exhaustion returns a too-deep merge base because the correct (closer) base never receives both paint sides Also add step counts to the edge-case tests from the previous commit, a mixed finite/INFINITY generation topology exercising the transition from INFINITY-generation commits to graph-backed commits, and step counts for the grid-based merge-base test. Signed-off-by: Kristofer Karlsson <krka@spotify.com> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2026-08-11commit-reach: add trace2 instrumentation to paint_down_to_common()Kristofer Karlsson2-13/+36
Add a step counter and trace2_data_intmax() call so that the number of commits visited during the paint walk is observable via GIT_TRACE2_EVENT. This provides a way to measure the impact of future optimizations without relying on wall-clock benchmarks alone. Some step counts already vary across commit-graph modes (e.g. in_merge_bases_many:self) because the pre-existing min_generation optimization short-circuits the walk when generation data is available. Signed-off-by: Kristofer Karlsson <krka@spotify.com> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2026-08-11t6099: add side-exhaustion regression testKristofer Karlsson2-0/+83
Add t6099 to test the case where multiple merge-base candidates exist and one is an ancestor of another. This exercises the side-exhaustion optimization in paint_down_to_common together with the remove_redundant safety net in get_merge_bases_many_0. Signed-off-by: Kristofer Karlsson <krka@spotify.com> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2026-08-11t6600: add test cases for side-exhaustion edge casesElijah Newren1-0/+110
Add test cases to t6600-test-reach.sh that exercise edge cases in the side-exhaustion optimization for paint_down_to_common(): - in_merge_bases_many:self: commit is both A and one of the X inputs - get_merge_bases_many:duplicate-twos: duplicate entries in X list - get_merge_bases_many:pending-stale: STALE transition on an already-painted commit (ps-* diamond topology) - get_merge_bases_many:infinity-both-sides: both tips outside the commit-graph with non-monotonic dates (pi-* topology) Signed-off-by: Elijah Newren <newren@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Kristofer Karlsson <krka@spotify.com> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2026-08-11test-lib-functions: improve diagnostic output for trace2 data assertionsKristofer Karlsson1-0/+35
test_trace2_data is a bare grep that silently exits on failure. Add a more informative variant that verifies the event appears exactly once and reports what went wrong: key not found, multiple entries, or value mismatch. Diagnostics go to FD 4 like test_grep. Before (value mismatch): $ test_trace2_data status count/changed 999 <trace2.txt $ echo $? 1 (no output) After: $ test_trace2_data_singular status count/changed 999 <trace2.txt error: trace2 data 'status/count/changed' expected: 999 actual: 0 Signed-off-by: Kristofer Karlsson <krka@spotify.com> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2026-08-11Documentation/technical: add paint-down-to-common docKristofer Karlsson4-1/+181
Add a technical document describing the paint_down_to_common() algorithm used for merge-base computation, covering the paint walk, generation number regions, and termination conditions. Signed-off-by: Kristofer Karlsson <krka@spotify.com> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2026-08-11fast-import: remove useless from_stream argumentChristian Couder1-11/+9
Now that a previous commit has removed a call to parse_one_feature() from parse_argv(), the former is always called with its `from_stream` argument set to 1. Let's take advantage of that to simplify and cleanup the code a bit. Signed-off-by: Christian Couder <christian.couder@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>